Lesson 4, Topic 2
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  1. Signalment
    • Breeds:
    • Newfoundland
    • German Shepherd
    • Boxer
    • Golden Retriever
    • Rottweiler
    • Bull Terriers
    • Bouvier de Flanders
    • Bernese Mountain Dogs
    • And many other breeds
    • Age:
      • presented as puppies at the time of the first vaccination – an incidental finding
      • may present as adults with an incidental murmur
    • Inheritance:
      • Polygenic or
      • Autosomal dominant with gene modifiers
  1. History:
    • Presented for vaccination, the heart murmur is an incidental finding
    • Usually asymptomatic
    • Syncope, sudden death may occur
  2. Physical examination:
    • Systolic heart murmur with a PMI over the left heart base radiating up the neck, and to the right hemothorax
    • The femoral arterial pulse may be weak
    • Signs of heart failure are rare
    • Dysrhythmias with pulse deficits may be noted
    • At times the PMI for this disorder is over the right heart base